Storing digital data for one hundred years: how is this possible?

2 January 2025

Maxwell Neely-Cohen, writing for Harvard Law School’s Library Innovation Lab:

If you, right now, had the goal of digitally storing something for 100 years, how should you even begin to think about making that happen? How should the bits in your stewardship be stored with such a target in mind? How do our methods and platforms look when considered under the harsh unknowns of a century?

It’s a longer piece, which goes to show how deceptively simple the question is. But how about the RAMAC 305 system, a computer developed by IBM in the 1950’s? This was the first commercial computer to use a moving head hard disk drive, called a 350 storage unit. But the RAMAC 305 was just too big, and heavy, to have much commercial appeal, and production was discontinued.

However, the 350 was capable of storing data for the long term. The real long term. When one of the 350 storage units was restored in 2002, Joe Feng, who was part of the restoration team, said “the RAMAC data is thermodynamically stable for longer than the expected lifetime of the universe.”

I think it’s time to somehow bring back the 350 storage unit.